FORWARD LOOKING SONAR (FLS)
Forward Looking Sonar (FLS) is an advanced sonar system used in maritime navigation to provide real-time imaging of the seabed and underwater objects ahead of a vessel. Unlike traditional echo sounders that show what’s directly below, FLS scans the area in front of the ship, helping mariners to avoid underwater obstacles, identify hazards, and navigate safely in shallow or uncharted waters.
Key Features:
Real-Time Forward Imaging
Displays detailed visuals of the seabed and objects up to several hundred meters ahead.
Obstacle Detection
Identifies rocks, wrecks, sandbanks, and other potential hazards before they come beneath the hull.
Wide-Angle Scanning
Typically provides horizontal coverage up to 90°, enabling broader area visibility.
Depth Ranging
Offers various range settings, commonly from 50 to 1000 meters ahead, depending on the model.
Shallow Water Navigation
Ideal for coastal operations, harbor approaches, and exploration in uncharted waters.
User-Friendly Interface
Graphical display with intuitive controls for easy operation and interpretation of sonar images.
High Resolution
Delivers sharp, clear images using advanced sonar technology, sometimes with 3D rendering.
Alarms and Warnings
Configurable depth alarms alert the crew of approaching underwater threats.
Integration Capability
Compatible with other bridge systems such as GPS, autopilot, and ECDIS for enhanced situational awareness.
Durable Design
Engineered to withstand harsh marine environments with waterproof and corrosion-resistant housing.
Technical Specifications (Typical for Standard Models):
Feature Specification
Detection Range Up to 1000 meters forward
Beam Angle Horizontal: 60° to 90°, Vertical: 20° to 40°
Operating Frequency 100 kHz – 400 kHz (varies by model)
Display Output Color LCD, NMEA 0183/2000 compatible
Power Supply 24 VDC (typical), AC models available
Mounting Hull-mounted or retractable
Alarm Function Shallow depth warning and object proximity
Applications:
Commercial Shipping: For safe navigation in congested or shallow waters.
Research Vessels: Mapping and obstacle detection in unexplored areas.
Yachts and Private Vessels: Prevents grounding during anchoring or harbor entry.
Survey Operations: Used in pre-dredging surveys and underwater inspections.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the main purpose of Forward Looking Sonar?
To detect and visualize underwater objects and seabed contours ahead of a vessel in real time.
Is it useful in deep waters?
It is most effective in shallow to mid-depth waters for detecting nearby hazards.
Can it be installed on any ship?
Yes, with appropriate mounting and integration, it can be fitted to a variety of vessels.
Does it replace traditional echo sounders?
No, it complements them by adding forward-looking capability to downward echo sounders.
Can it help in night-time navigation?
Yes, since it relies on sonar and not light, it’s highly effective at night or in poor visibility.
How does it display information?
On a screen using color-coded sonar images to represent depth and object location.
What is the difference between FLS and side-scan sonar?
FLS looks forward in the vessel’s path, while side-scan sonar provides imagery to the sides of the vessel.
Can it detect floating objects?
Mostly used for seabed and fixed underwater objects; performance with floating objects depends on size and depth.
How often is the data updated?
In real-time, offering continuous sonar feedback to the operator.
Is training required to use FLS?
Basic training is recommended to interpret sonar images and use the system effectively.
